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要旨
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In this study, we identify the old image of the term innovation, with changes in the use of the word “evolution” in biology since the 19th century. The results reveal that “evolution” is one of the most important words to explain errors or tragedies in discussions on societies. Until now, social sciences have referred to the process of diversification as change. Biology, too, once confined to a “teleological analysis of function,” has shifted its discussions from struggle for life to evolution by tracing back to the origins of diversity. Although we are living in the age of space travel, social sciences have not yet been able to make use of their materials, information. If the social sciences had advanced their learning, innovation would have been observed and described as an evolution of people’s experiences, not merely as something unusual appearing on figures or diagrams.
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